3 Andre, David III, Forrest H Bennett Koza, John R. 1996 Artificial Life V: Proceedings of the Fifth International Workshop on the Synthesis and Simulation of Living Systems Nara, Japan MIT Press 1 "16--18 " # may genetic algorithms, genetic programming A cellular automata rule for the majority classification task was evolved using genetic programming with automatically defined functions. The genetically evolved rule has an accuracy of 82.326%. This level of accuracy exceeds that of the Gacs-Kurdyumov-Levin (GKL) rule, all other known human-written rules, and all other rules produced by known previous automated approaches. Our genetically evolved rule is qualitatively different from other rules in that it uses a fine-grained internal representation of density information; it employs a large number of different domains and particles; and it uses an intricate set of signals for communicating information over large distances in time and space. http://www.genetic-programming.com/jkpdf/alife1996gkl.pdf